1832 - 1911.
Rolla Floyd was a pioneer in the tourism industry in the Land of Israel during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Early Life and Arrival in Israel: Born in 1832 in Blue Hill, Maine, Floyd arrived in Jaffa in 1866, alongside a group of 156 American Christians, with prefabricated wooden houses, with the intention of establishing a permanent and utopian colony.
Motivated by a religious belief in fulfilling biblical prophecy regarding the return of the Jews, they envisioned themselves aiding Jewish immigration and agricultural development.
Trailblazer in Tourism: Rolla Floyd became one of the first documented tour guides in the Land of Israel. He is credited with using horse-drawn carriages for tours, potentially being the first to use them on the newly paved road from Jaffa to Jerusalem in 1869. This innovation likely enhanced the travel experience for visitors exploring the historical and religious sites of the region, becoming the founding father of biblical tourism.
Life in Jerusalem and the American Colony: Records indicate that Floyd resided in the American colony established in Jaffa (nowadays part of Tel Aviv-Yafo). Today his house is owned by a famous Israeli stone sculptor Sophie Jungreis. This American community played a significant role in the early development of Jaffa.
Possible Freemasonry Connection: An interesting detail suggests Floyd might have been a Freemason. A scholarly work mentions his presence at the Mediterranean Hotel in Jerusalem alongside the famous author Mark Twain. The possibility exists that both may have participated in early Freemason meetings held at the hotel.
The Challenges in the Colony: Within two years, most colonists abandoned the project and returned to Maine. The unfamiliar climate and living conditions took a toll on the colonists. Disagreements with their leader, Reverend Adamas accused of financial mismanagement, further eroded morale due to his alcoholism. New German settlers from the Templar Movement bought much of the land and buildings constructed by the Americans. In 1904, the Germans added the Immanuel Church, which still stands today. Today the place is known as the American-German colony.
Legacy: Rolla Floyd stands as a figure who helped shape the early tourism landscape in the Land of Israel. His tours likely guided many visitors through the region, fostering their exploration and understanding of the historical and cultural treasures of the land.
Article Written by Aaron Garcia
Tour Guide in Israel
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